Buckling and stability, Critical load, Columns with pinned ends, Columns with other support conditions, Effective length of columns, Secant formula for columns. Strain Energy: Strain energy due to axial, shear, bending, torsion and impact load. Castigliano’s theorem I and II and their applications. - Virtual Engineering - Learn CAD/CAE/CFD/DEM/MPS simulation in one platform
